上課筆記
1 整理考題於word → 在課本上尋找畫出其答案
2【mor】metamorphoses (v)(n) 變形
形式
3 epic poetry ex: the Illiad and the Odysses
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epic_poetry
An epic (from the Ancient Greek adjective ἐπικός (epikos), from ἔπος (epos) "word, story, poem") is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significant to a culture or nation.
Some of the most famous examples of epic poetry include the ancient Indian Ramayana and Mahabharata, the Ancient Greek Iliad and the Odyssey, Dante's Divine Comedy, John Milton's Paradise Lost, and the Portuguese Lusiads.
4 In medias res 故事從中間開始說起 ex: the Iliad and the Odyssey
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_medias_res
In medias res (Latin "in the midst of things") is the literary and artistic narrative technique of relating a story from the midpoint, rather than the beginning (cf. ab ovo, ab initio). In an in medias res narrative, the story opens with dramatic action rather than exposition setting up the characters and situation.
5 flashback 追敘法 ex: the Odyssey ←→ foreshadowing
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flashback_(narrative)
Flashback (narrative),in literature and dramatic media, an interjected scene that takes the narrative back in time from the current point.
A flashback or analepsis is an interjected scene that takes the narrative back in time from the current point in the story. Flashbacks are often used to recount events that happened before the story's primary sequence of events to fill in crucial backstory. In the opposite direction, a flashforward (or prolepsis) reveals events that will occur in the future. Both flashback and flashforward are used to create suspense in a story, develop a character, or add structure to the narrative. In literature, internal analepsis is a flashback to an earlier point in the narrative; external analepsis is a flashback to a time before the narrative started.
An early example of analepsis is in the Ramayana and Mahabharata, where the main story is narrated through a frame story set at a later time. Another ancient example occurs in the Odyssey, in which the main action is told in flashback by Odysseus to a listener.
6 foreshadowing 伏筆
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreshadowing
Foreshadowing or guessing ahead is a literary device by which an author hints what is to come. It is used to avoid disappointment, and sometimes used to arouse readers.
In the novel and subsequent screen adaptation of The Lord of the Rings, Frodo considers it unfortunate that Bilbo pitied Gollum and was unable to kill him, but Gandalf feels that Gollum "has some part to play yet, for good or ill, before the end". This conversation foreshadows the fact that later in the story Frodo himself pities Gollum and is unable to kill him. Gollum then inadvertently makes it possible to destroy the Ring, which is the whole point of Frodo's and the rest of the central characters' quest.
7 nonlinear narrative
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonlinear_narrative
Nonlinear narrative, disjointed narrative or disrupted narrative is a narrative technique, sometimes used in literature, film, hypertext websites and other narratives, where events are portrayed, for example out of chronological order, or in other ways where the narrative does not follow the direct causality pattern of the events featured, such as parallel distinctive plot lines, dream immersions or narrating another story inside the main plot-line. It is often used to mimic the structure and recall of human memory, but has been applied for other reasons as well.
8 invocation: prayer 叫神
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invocation
An invocation (from the Latin verb invocare "to call on, invoke, to give") may take the form of:
- Supplication, prayer or spell.
- A form of possession.
- Command or conjuration.
- Self-identification with certain spirits.
9 Illiad → war
Odyssey → wonder jurney
10 Cupid
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupid
In classical mythology, Cupid (Latin Cupido, meaning "desire") is the god of desire, erotic love, attraction and affection. He is often portrayed as the son of the love goddess Venus, and is known in Latin also as Amor ("Love"). His Greek counterpart is Eros.
邱比特3隻箭 (金、銀、解藥)
Cupid carries two kinds of arrows, one with a sharp golden point, and the other with a blunt tip of lead. A person wounded by the golden arrow is filled with uncontrollable desire, but the one struck by the lead feels aversion and desires only to flee.
When Apollo taunts Cupid as the lesser archer, Cupid shoots him with the golden arrow, but strikes the object of his desire, the nymph Daphne, with the lead. Trapped by Apollo's unwanted advances, Daphne prays to her father, the river god Peneus, who turns her into a laurel, the tree sacred to Apollo. It is the first of several unsuccessful or tragic love affairs for Apollo.
11 仲夏夜之夢 A Midsummer Night's Dream
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream
A Midsummer Night's Dream is a comedy play by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1590 and 1596. It portrays the events surrounding the marriage of the Duke of Athens, Theseus, and Hippolyta. These include the adventures of four young Athenian lovers and a group of six amateur actors (mechanicals), who are controlled and manipulated by the fairies who inhabit the forest in which most of the play is set. The play is one of Shakespeare's most popular works for the stage and is widely performed across the world.
12 Europa (Europe is named by Europa.)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_(mythology)
In Greek mythology Europa (/jʊˈroʊpə, jə-/; Greek: Εὐρώπη Eurṓpē; Doric Greek: Εὐρώπα Eurṓpā) was a Phoenician woman of high lineage, for whom the continent Europe was named. The story of her abduction by Zeus in the form of a white bull was a Cretan story (Creat 克里特島); as Kerényi points out "most of the love-stories concerning Zeus originated from more ancient tales describing his marriages with goddesses. This can especially be said of the story of Europa".
13 Athena 身上站貓頭鷹
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athena
14 Jupiter → Zeus 的 roman's name
15 Io (the Heifer-Maiden who rejected the love of Zeus.)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Io_(mythology)
Io (/ˈaɪ.oʊ/; Ancient Greek: Ἰώ [iːɔ̌ː]) was, in Greek mythology, a priestess of Hera in Argos, a mortal who was seduced by Zeus, who changed her into a heifer to escape detection. His wife Hera sent ever-watchful Argus Panoptes, with 100 eyes, to watch her, but Hermes was sent to distract the guardian and slay him. Heifer Io was loosed to roam the world, stung by a maddening gadfly sent by Hera, and wandered to Egypt, thus placing her descendant Belus in Egypt; his sons Cadmus (Cadmus was also named as a son of Belus' brother Agenor) and Danaus would then "return" to mainland Greece.
Zuse 把 Io 變 Heifer (heifer 母牛/ bull 公牛)
Hera 派 Argus 百眼巨人盯著 Heifen
Argus 被 Zuse 派的 Hermes 殺! Hera 難過 → 把百眼放到鳥身上 → 孔雀
於是 Hera 再派 gadfly
Io 逃到高加索山後 Prometheus 救她後Io 代救 Prometheus
16 Prometheus 普羅米修斯 → 教人類用火 (偷 Olimpics 的火 )
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prometheus
the Titans 神 → 比 Zuse 大
Prometheus (prə-meeth-ee-əs, /prəˈmiːθiːəs/; Greek: Προμηθεύς, pronounced [promɛːtʰeús], meaning "forethought") is a Titan In Greek mythology, best known as the benefactor who brought fire to mankind. Prometheus sided with Zeus and the ascending Olympian gods in the vast cosmological struggle against Cronus and the other Titans. Prometheus was therefore on the conquering side of the cataclysmic war of the Greek gods, the Titanomachy, where Zeus and the Olympian gods ultimately defeated Cronus and the other Titans.
17 八大行星
According to the IAU, there are eight planets in the Solar System. In increasing distance from the Sun, the planets are:
mercury / venus / earth / mars / jupiter / saturn / uranus / Neptune / (pluto)←已被矮化
水星 金星 地球 火星 木星 土星 天王星 海王星 冥王星
Uranus 天王星 Zeus 的祖先(Zeus = Jupiter)
18 Zeus
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeus
Cronus sired several children by Rhea: Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, and Poseidon, but swallowed them all as soon as they were born, since he had learned from Gaiaand Uranus that he was destined to be overthrown by his son as he had previously overthrown Uranus, his own father, an oracle that Rhea heard and wished to avert.
When Zeus was about to be born, Rhea sought Gaia to devise a plan to save him, so that Cronus would get his retribution for his acts against Uranus and his own children. Rhea gave birth to Zeus in Crete, handing Cronus a rock wrapped in swaddling clothes, which he promptly swallowed.
Zeus 的成長故事:
Zeus 的爸爸吃了石頭，以為吃了Zuse (七隻小羊.....
Zeus 的媽媽怕 Zuse 被發現，於是Zuse從小玩閃電打雷長大
Zeus 娶 姊姊 Hera，最討厭其哥哥 Hedis → 派其去地獄
19 Pandora
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandora
In Greek mythology, Pandora (Greek: Πανδώρα, derived from πᾶν, pān, i.e. "all" and δῶρον, dōron, i.e. "gift", thus "the all-endowed", "the all-gifted" or "the all-giving")was the first human woman created by the gods, specifically by Hephaesus and Athena on the instructions of Zeus. As Hesiod related it, each god helped create her by giving her unique gifts. Zeus ordered Hephaestus to mold her out of earth as part of the punishment of humanity for Prometheus' theft of the secret of fire, and all the gods joined in offering her "seductive gifts". Her other name—inscribed against her figure on a white-ground kylix in the British Museum—is Anesidora, "she who sends up gifts" (up implying "from below" within the earth).According to the myth, Pandora opened a jar (pithos), in modern accounts sometimes mistranslated as "Pandora's box" (see below), releasing all the evils of humanity—although the particular evils, aside from plagues and diseases, are not specified in detail by Hesiod—leaving only Hope inside once she had closed it again. She opened the jar out of simple curiosity and not as a malicious act.
The Pandora myth is a kind of theodicy, addressing the question of why there is evil in the world.
Prometheus & 其弟 Epivethus 告訴 Pandora 不能打開盒子 → 潘朵拉的盒子Pandora's box
Zuse 生氣於是把她關在高加索山並派 Vulture (eagle) 吃其肝
20 Aeschylus悲劇之父
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeschylus
Aeschylus (/ˈiːskɨləs/ or /ˈɛskɨləs/; Greek: Αἰσχύλος, Aiskhulos; c. 525/524 – c. 456/455 BC) was the first of the three ancient Greek tragedians whose plays can still be read or performed, the others being Sophocles and Euripides. He is often described as the father of tragedy: Our knowledge of the genre begins with his work and our understanding of earlier tragedies is largely based on inferences from his surviving plays. According to Aristotle, he expanded the number of characters in plays to allow conflict among them whereas characters previously had interacted only with the chorus.
ex: Prometheus Bound
21 Femme fatale ex: Helen
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femme_fatale
A femme fatale (/ˌfæm fəˈtɑːl/ or /ˌfɛm fəˈtɑːl/; French: [fam fatal]) is a stock character of a mysterious and seductive woman whose charms ensnare her lovers, often leading them into compromising, dangerous, and deadly situations.
fatal woman: ex: Salome,Helen (wiki
22 motifs 主題、中心思想
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motif_(narrative)
In narrative, a motif is any recurring element that has symbolic significance in a story. Through its repetition, a motif can help produce other narrative (or literary) aspects such as theme or mood.
23 Samuel Beckett 荒謬劇場現代作家
留言列表
